MARKO DROBNJAKOVIC

Photography: The Last Yugoslavs

The Last Yugoslavs is a visual exploration of the factors that shape memory and identity on the vestiges of a failed society. Yugoslavia, a socialist federation of six republics, collapsed in a series of fratricidal wars in the 1990’s, but the countries that rose from its ashes to this day remain clinched in post conflict mode, lost in the murky waters of endless transition. War, trauma, and fear define day-to-day life, persisting as the central forces that mold personal identity and the collective experience. Nationalist ideologies still dominate the public discourse, and the region continues to float between bloodshed and peace, unable to come to terms with its tragic past.  

  • A souvenir seller waits for customers as she sits next to a monument to the WWII Battle of the Sutjeska, Tjentiste, Bosnia and Herzegovina, June 17, 2017. Thousands of monuments of all shapes and sizes were erected in Yugoslavia throughout the 1960's and 1970's to commemorate important historical events and WWII battles. A large number of the monuments were heavily damaged or destroyed on purpose in the 1990's conflicts. Those that survived are still visited by Yugoslavs and people who feel nostalgia for the old country.
  • Members of the Association of Anti-Fascists and WWII veterans in Zenica, a pro-Yugoslav group, attend the 75th anniversary of the WWII Battle of Neretva in Jablanica, Bosnia and Herzegovina, May 5, 2018.
  • A woman attends an election rally and holds a poster depicting Aleksandar Vucic, a populist candidate with a strong nationalist agenda, who would later become Serbian prime minister and president, Belgrade, Serbia, March 3, 2014. In the 1990’s, Vucic was a prominent member of a Serbian ultranationalist political party tied to war crimes committed during the Yugoslav wars.
  • A wax figure of Kosta Stolev-Racin, a Macedonian poet and WWII Partisan, is seen at the Museum of Macedonian Struggle, Skopje, North Macedonia, Oct. 2, 2018. The Museum, which opened in 2011 with support from the then nationalist government, interprets North Macedonia’s turbulent recent history by using hundreds of wax figures, some of them arranged to depict scenes of murders, executions and political assassinations.
  • A statue of Josip Broz Tito, former Yugoslav leader, stands covered in cloth before its inauguration, Podgorica, Montenegro, Dec. 19, 2018. Podgorica, the capital of Montenegro, the smallest of the six Yugoslav republics, was between 1946 and 1992, officially known as Titograd, in honor of the Yugoslav leader. In late 2018, the local government erected a 3-meter-tall statue of Tito, in order to commemorate the city's Liberation Day in WWII.
  • Aldijana Spahic, 14, a Yugoslav, holds a Yugoslav era flag of the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Nov. 25, 2017. Spahic, a student, feels Yugoslav, even though she was born after the breakup of the country and has technically never been a citizen of Yugoslavia.
  • Camera operators film during a military parade, Belgrade, Serbia, September 20, 2017. Serbia, an EU candidate country, appointed a retired general convicted of war crimes for atrocities committed by Serb troops during the 1998-1999 Kosovo war as a lecturer at the country’s highest-ranking military school in 2017.
  • Street dogs bask in the morning sun as they sit at the entrance of a neo-classical building, Skopje, North Macedonia, Oct. 2, 2018. Dozens of historic kitsch style buildings and hundreds of monuments of all sizes were erected in the North Macedonian capital by the then nationalist government in the 2010's, with the aim of giving the city a 'more classical appeal' and to tie the country to Alexander the Great and Ancient Greek history. The project, dubbed ‘Skopje 2014’, was a point of contention in a long running dispute with neighboring Greece.
  • A poster advertising Dubrovnik, a well known tourist destination and one of the most recognizable locations in Yugoslavia, stands in a building inside the former political prison on the island of Goli Otok, Croatia, Oct. 17, 2018. Goli Otok, translated as Barren Island, was the site of a top secret political prison and labor camp organized by the Yugoslav authorities to incarcerate political opponents from 1949 to 1956. The estimates of the number of people dying under torture while imprisoned on the island is highly disputed to this day and ranges from several hundred to several thousand.
  • Participants in the Epiphany cross retrieval swimming race listen to a fiery motivational speech as they prepare to swim the winter waters of the Danube, Belgrade, Serbia, Jan. 19, 2014. Cross retrieval races and other Orthodox Christian religious traditions regained popularity in Serbia as nationalist and religious feelings surged after the breakup of Yugoslavia.
  • The monument to the Uprising of the People of Kordun and Banija stands in disrepair on Mt. Petrova Gora, Croatia, Oct. 16, 2018. The monument, completed in 1981, was built to commemorate the ethnic Serb uprising against the Nazi puppet state established in Croatia and Bosnia during WWII. During and after the Yugoslav wars, the structure was damaged, looted and fell into disrepair, now serving as a base for a GSM antenna.
  • Simo Spasic, the president of the Association of families of kidnapped and murdered persons in the 1998-1999 Kosovo war, speaks through a bullhorn during a Serbian ultranationalist gathering, Jarak, Serbia, May 6, 2018. Spasic is holding a poster depicting fifteen missing members of the Kostic family, taken from their homes and presumably murdered by ethnic Albanian guerrillas in 1998.
  • Zivorad Dimitrov, 65, a Yugoslav, leads the traditional folk dance as he carries a Yugoslav flag, Kocani, Macedonia, May 25, 2017. A small group of Yugoslavs organize a private ceremony to commemorate the birthday of Josip Broz Tito, former Yugoslav leader, each May 25th, in the Macedonian town of Kocani.
  • Zdenko Duplancic, a Yugoslav, a retired Yugoslav Air Force colonel and Yugoslav diplomat, poses for a photograph in his office, Belgrade, Serbia, Feb. 28, 2019. Duplancic, when asked about his feelings on the breakup of Yugoslavia, exclaimed after a sigh: 'We were a beautiful country.'
  • A bust depicting Josip Broz Tito, former Yugoslav leader, along with the Yugoslav flag, sits inside a boot of a car, Kocani, Macedonia, May 25, 2019. The items were used in a privately organized celebration of Tito's birthday in Kocani, eastern Macedonia.
  • Remains of victims of the Bosnian war are laid on display at an identification center, Sanski most, Bosnia and Herzegovina, June 4, 2018. According to ICRC, there are still over 10,000 missing persons from the Yugoslav wars.
  • A portrait of Josip Broz Tito, former Yugoslav leader, stands on a wall of a private home, Kocani, North Macedonia, May 24, 2019. Tito, Yugoslavia's president for life, was seen as a unifying factor across the nation, and after his death in 1980 the Yugoslav elites were unable to prevent the dissolution of the country.
  • The Yugoslav flag is reflected in the windshield of a car, outskirts of Kocani, North Macedonia, May 25, 2019. A group of enthusiasts and Yugoslavs from eastern North Macedonia organizes a private celebration of Tito’s birthday in the town of Kocani each May 25th.
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    • The Abandoned
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      • The Record
      • #thediary
    • The Dew Before the Sun
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